Apple Mac OS X Server System Imaging and Software Update Administration For Version 10.4 or Later Manual de usuario descargar pdf (Pagina 12)

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Integrating Mac Systems into

a Medical IT Infrastructure

Virus Detection

When it comes to viruses and other forms of malware, a major advantage of Mac

OS X is that it is not Microsoft Windows. Because Windows is overwhelmingly the

main target of today’s malware, such threats are not a major concern for Mac systems.

It is important to note, however, that no operating system is 100 percent immune to

viruses. Security specialists and antivirus product vendors recently demonstrated some

proof-of-concept Mac oriented viruses. Additionally, Windows-oriented malware could

be unintentionally spread through a Mac system by users forwarding infected email

or documents. For these reasons, it is important to protect Mac systems with virus

protection software.

The University Hospital of Mannheim uses the Sophos Anti-Virus Enterprise virus

detection system and provides a dedicated server to update scan engines and virus

signatures. Sophos oers virus-scanning client software for Mac OS X, and this is easily

administered via a preferences pane plug-in within Mac System Preferences. This

native client allows on-access and on-demand scanning of entire volumes, individual

les, and e-mail. Users can also identify objects to be ignored. (See Figure 4.)

Conclusion—Mac-based workstations can be comprehensively secured, and they

support the management of Active Directory users. We installed a Sophos Anti-Virus

client on the Mac system and integrated it with the hospital’s signature and engine

updating service. Via Mac OS X, rmware password protection, device access control,

application blocking, and other detailed settings enable per-user or general access controls.

To apply these controls to Active Directory users, administrators must take one of two

approaches: rst, expand the Active Directory scheme to support Mac specic rule sets,

or second, set up an Open Directory on a separate Mac OS X Server system and then

congure both Active Directory and Open Directory services.

Ensuring Display Quality

Compute performance, memory capacity, and interoperability are all important

aspects of a modern radiological workstation. But none of these much matter if

radiologists view imaging data on a monitor that suers from unreliable or substan-

dard display quality. Indeed, the value of even the most detailed 2D and 3D images

is dramatically diminished when displays do not meet accepted quality standards.

Quality Standards

Throughout the world, various laws and medical society standards specify the

requirements all displays must fulll if they are used for primary radiological reporting.

Depending on the type of images displayed, these regulations generally include limits

for brightness, contrast, resolution, and homogeneity. Dierent standards can apply to

the various imaging modalities and diering use of images.

Conformity and Constancy Tests

To conrm that displays meet minimum image quality standards, administrators must

perform special tests. At setup time, an initial conformity test ensures the display is

generally applicable to a given environment. Regularly performing constancy tests

documents the changing visual quality of the system. The lighting settings for a

display inuence the frequency of these tests. While many monitors allow automatic

adjustment of brightness and contrast, many others—including Apple Cinema

Displays—do not. These displays require constancy tests every three months. And

every day, workstation users must conduct a visual check of the grayscale presentation

and geometrical accuracy by examining the SMPTE test pattern. (See Figure 5.)

“ When it comes to viruses and

other forms of malware, a major

advantage of Mac OS X is that

it is not Microsoft Windows.”

Figure 4: The University Hospital of Mannheim

uses Sophos Anti-Virus Enterprise virus detection

software. Sophos client software available for Mac

systems makes it easy to set preferences, such as

excluding DICOM les from scanning. Users can

also scan volumes on demand.

Figure 5: The SMPTE test pattern enables daily

visual checks of an Apple Cinema Display

grayscale presentation and geometrical accuracy.

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