Apple Mac OS X Server (Administrator’s Guide) Manual de usuario Pagina 489
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NetBoot 489
m Location of server and client: NetBoot clients that require static IP addresses (NetBoot
1.0) must be located on the same subnet as the server, and there can be only one server
on that subnet serving static addresses.
m Number of Ethernet ports on the switch: Distributing NetBoot clients over multiple
Ethernet ports on your switch offers a performance advantage. Each port must serve a
distinct segment.
NetBoot Implementation
This section describes how NetBoot is implemented on Mac OS X Server—including
information on the protocols, files, directory structures, and configuration details that
support the NetBoot functionality.
NetBoot Image Folder
The NetBoot image folder contains the startup disk image file, a boot file that the firmware
uses to begin the startup process, and other files required to start up a client computer over
the network. A NetBoot image folder (NBI folder) is something like a package file (a folder
compressed into a file), except that the folder and its contents are uncompressed so that the
contents are readily visible. The name of a NetBoot image folder includes the suffix “.nbi”.
An NBI folder for Mac OS 9 (MacOS 9.2.2.nbi) is slightly different from an NBI folder for
Mac OS X (MacOSX.nbi) since the components required for startup are different. The
following tables describe the contents of each.
Mac OS X NetBoot image folder (MacOSX.nbi)
You use Network Image Utility to create a Mac OS X NBI folder. The utility lets you
m name the image
m choose the image type (NetBoot or Network Install)
m provide an image ID (not visible to users)
m choose the default language—English, French, German, or Japanese
m specify a default user name and password
File Description
booter Boot file
mach.macos.x UNIX kernel
mach.macosx.mkext Drivers
MacOSX.dmg System startup image file (may include application software)
NBImageInfo.plist Property list file
- Mac OS X Server 1
- Apple Computer, Inc 2
- 2 Directory Services 65 5
- 3 Users and Groups 121 7
- Contents 10
- Contents 11
- 4 Sharing 205 12
- 5 File Services 221 13
- 7 Print Service 315 20
- 8 Web Service 337 21
- 9 Mail Service 369 23
- 11 DHCP Service 475 31
- 12 NetBoot 485 31
- 13 Network Install 509 33
- 14 DNS Service 515 33
- 15 Firewall Service 525 34
- 16 SLP DA Service 545 35
- Appendix A 37
- Glossary 581 37
- Index 591 37
- How to Use This Guide 39
- Preface 40
- How to Use This Guide 41
- Administering Your Server 43
- Networking and Security 44
- File and Printer Sharing 44
- Open Directory Services 45
- High Availability 46
- Directory Services 47
- Apple File Service 49
- Windows Services 49
- Chapter 1 52
- Network Services 53
- QuickTime Streaming Service 55
- Application, tool 57
- For more 57
- Server Assistant 58
- Open Directory Assistant 58
- Directory Access 59
- Workgroup Manager 59
- Server Settings 60
- Server Status 61
- Macintosh Manager 62
- NetBoot Administration Tools 62
- Server Monitor 62
- Streaming Server Admin 63
- Directory Services 67 67
- Data Consolidation 68
- Data Distribution 69
- Directory Services 71 71
- Directory Services 73 73
- Local Data 74
- Shared Data 75
- Directory Services 77 77
- Two-Level Hierarchies 79
- More Complex Hierarchies 81
- The Automatic Search Policy 83
- Custom Search Policies 84
- General Planning Guidelines 85
- Directory Services 87 87
- Password Server Database 88
- Password Server Security 89
- Directory Services 91 91
- Directory Services 93 93
- 4 Click Apply 94
- Directory Services 95 95
- Directory Services 97 97
- Directory Services 99 99
- Chapter 2 100
- Directory Services 101 101
- Directory Services 103 103
- Directory Services 105 105
- Directory Services 107 107
- Directory Services 109 109
- Directory Services 111 111
- Directory Services 113 113
- Directory Services 115 115
- Directory Services 117 117
- Directory Services 119 119
- Users and Groups 121
- Authentication 122
- Password Validation 123
- Information Access Control 124
- Administration Privileges 125
- Home Directories 126
- Mail Settings 127
- Resource Usage 127
- User Preferences 127
- Group Directories 128
- Workgroups 128
- Computer Access 128
- Users and Managed Users 128
- Administrators 129
- Guest Users 129
- Predefined Accounts 130
- Users and Groups 131 131
- Chapter 3 132
- Step 6: Create users 133
- Step 7: Create groups 134
- Users and Groups 135 135
- Users and Groups 137 137
- Users and Groups 139 139
- Defining Short Names 140
- Choosing Stable Short Names 141
- Avoiding Duplicate Names 141
- Users and Groups 143 143
- Defining User IDs 144
- Users and Groups 145 145
- Users and Groups 147 147
- Users and Groups 149 149
- Users and Groups 151 151
- Users and Groups 153 153
- Users and Groups 155 155
- Users and Groups 157 157
- Users and Groups 159 159
- Users and Groups 161 161
- Users and Groups 163 163
- Users and Groups 165 165
- Users and Groups 167 167
- 2 Click the Members tab 169
- Naming a Group 169
- Defining a Group ID 170
- Users and Groups 171 171
- Users and Groups 173 173
- Users and Groups 175 175
- 2 Click the Accounts button 176
- Users and Groups 177 177
- Users and Groups 179 179
- Users and Groups 183 183
- Users and Groups 185 185
- Users and Groups 187 187
- Users and Groups 189 189
- Users and Groups 191 191
- Choosing a Password 192
- Migrating Passwords 193
- Users and Groups 195 195
- Users and Groups 197 197
- Understanding Kerberos 198
- Users and Groups 199 199
- Users and Groups 201 201
- Users and Groups 203 203
- Privileges 205
- Chapter 4 206
- Network Globe Contents 207
- Step 4: Turn file services on 209
- Security Issues 210
- 3 Click the Sharing tab 211
- Sharing 213 213
- Sharing 215 215
- Sharing 217 217
- 4 Select the Sharing tab 219
- 6 Click Save 219
- File Services 221
- File Services 223 223
- Chapter 5 224
- TCP port number 548 225
- File Services 227 227
- File Services 229 229
- File Services 231 231
- File Services 233 233
- 5 Click Save 235
- 3 Click Send Message 235
- Setting Up Windows Services 237
- 3 Click the General tab 237
- File Services 239 239
- File Services 241 241
- File Services 243 243
- 4 Click Save 244
- Secure FTP Environment 244
- File Services 245 245
- File Services 247 247
- Before You Set Up FTP Service 248
- File Services 249 249
- File Services 251 251
- File Services 253 253
- File Services 255 255
- Before You Set Up NFS Service 256
- Setup Overview 256
- File Services 257 257
- Managing NFS Service 258
- Supporting Mac OS X Clients 259
- File Services 261 261
- File Services 263 263
- File Services 265 265
- Client Management: Mac OS X 267
- Chapter 6 268
- 9 Click Save 280
- Using Wireless Services 281
- Preference Management Options 284
- Managing a Preference Once 285
- Always Managing a Preference 285
- Never Managing a Preference 285
- To manage user preferences: 285
- To start Classic after login: 291
- To add items to the Dock: 295
- To set up how a user logs in: 305
- To set the default printer: 313
- Print Service 315
- Serial Bus (USB) connection 316
- Print Service 317 317
- Chapter 7 318
- Print Service 319 319
- Print Service 321 321
- Print Service 323 323
- Print Service 325 325
- Print Service 327 327
- Print Service 329 329
- Print Service 331 331
- Print Service 333 333
- Deleting Print Log Archives 334
- Print Service 335 335
- Web Service 337
- Configuring Web Service 338
- Providing Secure Transactions 338
- Setting Up Web Sites 338
- Understanding WebDAV 339
- Chapter 8 340
- Step 2: Create a default page 341
- Web Service 343 343
- Web Service 345 345
- Web Service 347 347
- Web Service 349 349
- Web Service 351 351
- Web Service 353 353
- Web Service 355 355
- Options Includes 355
- AddType text/html shtml 356
- Web Service 357 357
- #AddModule mod_php4.c 358
- Enabling WebMail 359
- Configuring WebMail 360
- Web Service 361 361
- 362 Chapter 8 362
- Web Service 363 363
- A CGI Will Not Run 364
- Macintosh-Specific Modules 365
- Open-Source Modules 366
- Web Service 367 367
- Mail Service 369
- Post Office Protocol (POP) 370
- Mail Service 371 371
- Chapter 9 372
- Mail Service 373 373
- SMTP Authentication 374
- Restricted SMTP Relay 374
- Rejected SMTP Servers 375
- Blacklisted Servers 375
- Step 2: Set up MX records 377
- Step 3: Start mail service 378
- Mail Service 379 379
- Mail Service 381 381
- Mail Service 383 383
- Mail Service 385 385
- Mail Service 387 387
- Mail Service 389 389
- Mail Service 391 391
- Starting Sendmail 392
- Mail Service 393 393
- Mail Service 395 395
- Mail Service 397 397
- Restricting SMTP Relay 398
- Mail Service 399 399
- 3 Click the Filter tab 400
- Mail Service 401 401
- Mail Service 403 403
- 2 Click the Logs tab 405
- Mail Service 407 407
- Internet 409
- The User Experience 412
- Locating the Home Directory 413
- Chapter 10 414
- Software 415
- Hardware 415
- 3 Restart the computer 417
- Using Update Packages 417
- Macintosh Manager Security 418
- The Multi-User Items Folder 419
- Preparation for Using NetBoot 423
- Step 3: Import user accounts 424
- Step 7: Create computer lists 425
- To import all users: 427
- To search for users: 429
- Using Guest Accounts 429
- To set up the Guest account: 431
- To set a user storage quota: 435
- Creating a Workgroup 436
- To duplicate a workgroup: 437
- To protect the desktop: 441
- Types of Shared Folders 443
- To create a hand-in folder: 445
- To allow access to printers: 447
- To select a default printer: 447
- To allow users to force-quit: 459
- To customize a panel name: 461
- To view a report: 463
- 3 Click Save 465
- 2 Insert a CD or DVD 465
- Forced Preferences folder 466
- Preserved Preferences folder 466
- To use preserved preferences: 469
- Always copied Never copied 469
- DHCP Service 475
- Creating Subnets 476
- Using Static IP Addresses 476
- Locating the DHCP Server 476
- Step 1: Create subnets 477
- Chapter 11 478
- DHCP Service 479 479
- DHCP Service 481 481
- DHCP Service 483 483
- 12 NetBoot 485
- NetBoot 487 487
- Capacity Planning 488
- NetBoot Implementation 489
- Chapter 12 490
- NetBoot 491 491
- Security 493
- NetBoot and AirPort 493
- Step 3: Set up DHCP 495
- NetBoot 497 497
- 4 Click Make Private Copy 498
- NetBoot 499 499
- NetBoot 501 501
- NetBoot 503 503
- Enabling Server Selection 504
- NetBoot 505 505
- Starting Up Using the N Key 507
- Network Install 509
- Chapter 13 510
- Network Install 511 511
- Network Install 513 513
- Click the Image tab 514
- DNS Service 515
- DNS and BIND 516
- Using DNS With Mail Service 516
- DNS Service 517 517
- Step 2: Configure BIND 518
- Step 4: Start DNS service 518
- DNS Service 519 519
- What Is BIND? 520
- BIND on Mac OS X Server 520
- Practical Example 521
- Chapter 14 522
- Check Your Configuration 523
- Firewall Service 525
- Chapter 15 526
- What Is a Filter? 527
- Using Address Ranges 528
- IP Address Precedence 529
- Multiple IP Addresses 529
- Practical Examples 529
- Deny 25 (SMTP) 17.128.100.0 530
- Allow 25 (SMTP) All 530
- Deny 548 (AFP/TCP) All 530
- Firewall Service 531 531
- Firewall Service 533 533
- Viewing Denied Packets 535
- Firewall Service 537 537
- Firewall Service 541 541
- Firewall Service 543 543
- SLP DA Service 545
- Chapter 16 546
- SLP DA Service 547 547
- SLP DA Service 549 549
- SR Service requests 550
- ERR SLP errors 550
- Tools for Advanced Users 551
- Chapter 17 552
- Opening an SSH Session 553
- 1 Open Terminal 553
- Closing an SSH Session 554
- Using installer 558
- 560 Chapter 17 560
- To use softwareupdate: 561
- Configuring TCP/IP Settings 564
- Managing Network Services 564
- Designating Proxy Servers 565
- Requirements 567
- Failover Operation 567
- FAILOVER_PEER_IP=”10.0.0.1” 569
- Test (if present) 570
- PreAcq10.StopDIP 570
- APPENDIX 573
- Glossary 581
- Glossary 583 583
- Glossary 585 585
- Glossary 587 587
- Glossary 589 589
- 592 Index 592
- Index 593 593
- 594 Index 594
- Index 595 595
- 596 Index 596
- Index 597 597
- 598 Index 598
- Index 599 599
- 600 Index 600
- Index 601 601
- 602 Index 602
- Index 603 603
- 604 Index 604
- Index 605 605
- 606 Index 606
- Index 607 607
- 608 Index 608
- Index 609 609
- 610 Index 610
- Index 611 611
- 612 Index 612
- Index 613 613
- 614 Index 614
- Index 615 615
- 616 Index 616
- Index 617 617
- 618 Index 618
- Index 619 619
- 620 Index 620
- Index 621 621
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